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There are five (5) immigrant visa categories available to aliens who wish to come to the United States for the principal purpose of employment. These are known as the employment-based 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th preference categories. The vast majority of persons obtaining permanent residence in the United States through employment do so in one of the first three employment-based categories.
The employment-based 1st preference, also known as the priority worker category, is divided into three sub-groups, the second of which is "Outstanding Professors and Researchers."

Preference category EB1(2) is for those aliens who are outstanding professors and researchers, and who have an offer of employment from a prospective United States employer. A labor certification is not required for this classification.
A petition for an outstanding professor or researcher must be accompanied by evidence that the professor or researcher is recognized internationally as outstanding in the academic field specified in the petition. The regulations set forth what type of evidence must be submitted to meet these criteria.